Improvement in stone pavements



I A. B. DEAN 8. H.. H. HIGDoN. STONE-PAVEMENT. Y.

510,174,495. Pmntea March 7,1376.

Gum.

WITNESSES v INVENTOR 5'.

NA PETERS. F'IIQT0 LJTHLGRAFHERI WASHINGYUN, D4 C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE., I

`.ANDREW B. DEAN AND HENRY H. HIGDON, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY).

IMPROVEMENT IN STONE PAVEMENTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 74,495, dated March 7, 1876; application filed January 29, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, ANDREW B. DEAN and HENRY H. HIGDON, of Louisville, in the county of Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Block-Stone Pavements; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is 'a cross-section, and Fig. 2 a top view.

This invention relates to a new method of making block-stone pavements which are impervious to water and frost, and for which reason the blocks,' w en properly laid down, will not become loos or displaced.

Our invention consists in the employment of a substance known as candle-gum, which is a sulphurated hydrocarbon of great adhesiveness and durability, and mixing with this substance sand, gravel, finely-broken stone, or other suitable paving material, to forma good concrete with which to lill the interstices, as will be hereinafter explained.

To make a substantial street-pavement for the heaviest traflic,we tirst properly grade the roadway and then spread upon it a layer of broken stone to a depth of fourinches, which is well rammed or rolled under a heavy weight; we then spread on this bed of broken stone a layer of gravel or sand, which isy likewise rolled or rammed undgr a heavy weight; these two layers form the bed or foundation for the paving-blocks. On this bed or foundation we then place the paving-blocks in rows from one side to the other side ofthe street, orv from gutter to gutter, as may be desired, leaving a space or intersticey between the rows. Each-row is laid with blocks of a corresponding thickness and width, so as to present a uniform' surface, and they are so arranged as to break joints with the adjacent rows 5 the ends ofthe blocks in each row may join each other, or they may be left apart so as to form an interstice at the ends if desired.' If the said ends join, the blocks-should be well coated with hot liquid candle-gum before being put together. Having thus properly arranged the rows, we then ill in the-interstices to within three inches of the surface with sand, gravel, finely-crushed stone, or any other desirable paving material, which is well ram med. The remainder ofthe interstices is thenl filled with a paving compound, the basis of which is sulphurated hydrocarbon, known as candlegum', intermixedwith sand, gravel, or Iinelybroken stone, or any mineral or bituminous substance in a heated state, and rammed into a compact body even with the surface of the pavement. The narrow blocks of stone having these seams of paving compound will afford a surer foot-hold for animals than when a wider surface of stone is exposed, which would soon wear very smooth and become unsafe; but if itis not convenient to get the blocks of stone of uniform width, our process will apply to blocks of stone of any irregular shape or size, provided they all have one uniform dimension for depth. When laid, the surface of the blocks of stone which are left exposed for the top ofthe pavement are left rough according to the natural fracture of the stone, or roughly dressed, for the purpose of affording better foot-hold.

The depth of the paving-blocks, and the foundation on which they are to be laid, may

be varied according to the uses to which the street are to be subjected.

What We claim as new, and desire to'secure by Letters Patent,isv A pavement, composed of blocks of stone between which is applied a compound consisting of candle-gum, sand, gravel, and finelyn crushed stone or other material, mixed as described.

In testimony that we cla-im the above we have hereuntosubscribed our-names in the presence of two witnesses. ANDREW B. DEAN.

HENRY HARRISON HIGDON.

. Witnesses:

H. 0. ROBES,

A. B. LAMPToN. 

